I find it hard to believe that there has been so little reaction to the death of Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Aside from some brief comments from world leaders and a few obligatory press reports buried deep in the news, the passing of one of the world's greatest literary figures (not to mention, one of the most significant, inspiring heroes of the Cold War) has hardly made a stir.
But, of course, our modern world cherishes celebrity over character, popularity over principle, and political-correctness over truth. Thus, the MSM will give extensive headline coverage when an actor or reporter dies yet dramatically underplay the life and legacy of one of the most important freedom fighters of our time.
Solzhenitsyn wouldn't have been surprised. Nor would he have much cared. His wasn't a personality that craved attention. He simply, faithfully did his work and left the results up to God.
And, despite the scant attention given to his passing or even the grudging, often griping attention given to his work during his lifetime, the results of Solzhenitsyn's courage, sacrifice, vision and that prodigious, remarkably skilled pen did change the world -- for the better and for ever.
Below I print, as my own tribute to this great writer, a couple of short pieces originally posted on The Book Den in 2006 and 2005. For a few more, simply type in "Solzhenitsyn" in the Search Blog feature of The Book Den, located at the upper left of the opening template.
In 1962 the Soviet literary journal
Novyi Mir published Alexander Solzhenitsyn's short novel,
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch. The editor, Alexander Tvardovsky, knew he had discovered an astonishing new writing talent with a courageous moral vision, something that hadn't appeared in print in Russia since the days of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. But then how could Tvardovsky have read such authentic Russian literature? Such writers were not only refused publication under the Communist regime, they were refused the permission to live.
But there was something new in the wind that gave Tvardovsky enough confidence to take this daring manuscript to the authorities and ask for permission to publish it. Stalin was dead, the butcher who in his monomaniac savagery had murdered millions of his own people, and his eventual successor, Nikita Khrushchev, had his hands full trying to wrest control from Stalin's hard-line comrades in the Politburo. Khrushchev had already launched (within the private domains of the Soviet elite) his attack on the "cult of personality," a campaign to present Stalin as a paranoid dictator whose excesses had actually undermined the Glorious Revolution.
In so doing, Khrushchev was anything but the liberated, enlightened soul that liberals in the West originally praised him as being. He was just another Communist thug, anxious to develop his own power. Discrediting Stalin, even it meant exposing some of the ugliness of Soviet history, was his means to get a tighter grip on the Kremlin. And
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch with its heart-rending portrayal of the senselessness and brutality of a Stalinist-era forced labor camp in Siberia written by a former zek who experienced it? Well, Khrushchev thought that the novel would make an effective opening move in the next stage of his campaign; namely, taking his attack on Stalin's "cult of personality" to the Soviet public and even to the peering journalists of the West.
But what Khrushchev, in his own spiritual blindness, could not foresee was how powerful a bomb he had set off when he gave Tvardovsky the permission to publish
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch. The Stalinists around him proved harder to defeat than he imagined. Indeed, their rage in his allowing just a few of the crimes of the Soviet Union to be published was vicious. Instead of securing power, Khrushchev began to lose it. And, on the other side, even the little scent of freedom that arose from the publication of the novel (and especially Solzhenitsyn's emergence as a respected dissident voice by the West) had an intoxicating effect on the Russian populace. Khrushchev had desired only a little light to shine...just enough to expose Stalin's treachery to the ideals of the Communist Revolution. What he got was a light that grew more brilliant and hot than he ever imagined, a light that revealed the utter wickedness and absurdity of Communism itself.
Khrushchev saw the monumental failure of his tolerance quickly and he tried to reverse it with a complete suppression of Solzhenitsyn's work and reputation. Too late. The comparatively mild light of Ivan Denisovitch would blaze up into the more detailed, more searing revelations of
The Gulag Archipelago,
Cancer Ward,
The First Circle, and more. Published in Western editions, Alexander Solzhenitsyn's work would become the single most reason behind the destruction of the Soviet Union's claims of a moral foundation. And when that began to weaken, other heroes of freedom (Ronald Reagan, Lech Walesa, John Paul II, et al) would follow up to eventually destroy, if not Communism in Russia, the huge threat of the Communist tyranny over Eastern Europe.
Re-reading
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch recently (as well as discussing it with the students of the 20th Century Christian Writers course I'm teaching for Grace University this semester) was as thrilling as ever as I contemplated how God had used this small novel as a big voice for freedom.
The soaring of the human spirit represented in that book is inspirational on many levels -- the clever sarcasm the author uses to engage the foolishness of the Soviet schemes is superb; the introduction of Alyosha presented the strongest Christian character that Russian literature had seen for three generations; and the passion for a detailed history of how the camps were run strongly foreshadows the full exposure Solzhenitsyn would produce in his later works. All these elements of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch (and more) show the spiritual genius as well as the bold courage of Alexander Solzhenitsyn -- a zek who quite literally and splendidly, changed the world.
The injustice and cruelty of the Soviet Union’s vast organization of labor camps in the 1930’s and 1940’s are now well known. But that knowledge didn’t have to surface. Indeed, without the grace of God acting through such heroic individuals as Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the truth might well have remained buried by Communist cover-ups. Solzhenitsyn was the foremost voice raised against the grand Soviet machine. Through rare courage and sacrificial efforts, he managed to alert the whole world to what was really happening to countless numbers of innocent human beings.
Solzhenitsyn’s most famous (though not often read) book is the riveting 3-volume,
Gulag Archipelago. In that incredible work, the former slave camp worker documents the massive catalog of outrageous lies, violence, and criminal corruption perpetrated by Soviet Communism. In the Gulag (and even in his fiction), Solzhenitsyn serves as an historian. It is enough, he insists, to simply record what happened, to give the truth an open hearing. Truth has amazing power. Solzhenitsyn hoped that when people learned the real story of Soviet tyranny, they would resolve to never again allow the devil an open door to such blasphemy and brutality. It is in this sense that Alexander Solzhenitsyn is hailed as a prophet – not as a fortune teller, but as a “forth teller.” He bravely held up the banner of truth…and simply by performing that service, he helped change the world.
In Solzhenitsyn’s play
The Love-Girl and the Innocent, set in a 1945 forced labor camp in Siberia, one of the persecuted men lists just a few of the monstrous crimes performed by Soviet thugs that he has witnessed. The prisoner is beside himself with fury, feeling utterly helpless to do anything about this all-enveloping injustice. But in response, Pavel Gai, an imprisoned ex-soldier who has experienced more than his own share of horrors, answers him with chilling authority. “What can we do? Remember – that’s all.”
Alexander Solzhenitsyn did, in fact, remember. In fact, it was his constant plea to God for help in remembering specific events, people and situations so that he could record the true history of the Soviet Union. Solzhenitsyn desired more than anything else to be a faithful historian in order to effectively honor the victims but, more importantly, so that the preserved truth could set the future free. Ronald Reagan was one who was inspired by those revelations and he acted on the knowledge that Solzhenitsyn had preserved. The Wall fell. The camps are now empty. Truth, just a simple presentation of the truth, can indeed destroy the darkness.
The Heritage Foundation's Helle C. Dale and Oliver L. Horn have written a compelling article, substantial excerpts of which I print below, dealing with the sad (and unnecessary) decline of the Voice of America's presence in Eastern Europe.
